TUZLA
Tuzla (Yayla,Post Office,Istasyon,Mosque) takes place at the east bounder of Istanbul as a sea side place where can be kept to its construction and natural beauty of Istanbul Metropolis.
In the text which is in the J.Pargorire (1872-1907) Dymotionlu Stophanes’s inscription about Izmit bay , it has been known that Tuzla was known as Akritas Cape and here was a Greek fisherman village,was a base for pirates who go and come back between Izmit and Istanbul,where its surroundings was surrounded with castle by Bizans’s Master from Aydos and was taken over by Türks in the Abdurrahman Gazi time.
Here had become a maintenance place and seaport of ships.Greeks and Turks lived in this place one within the other until the recent years of the Ottoman Empire.
Although Tuzla was a district where was dependent to Usküdar,had became the first village district of Türkey in 1908.
With coming of Türks who came from Selanik with the Lozan Pact and to settle down to Tuzla, most of Greek people went to Greek.
Tuzla where was a independent municipality in 1936,had connected to Kartal county in 1951,in 1987 Tuzla connected to Pendik because of Pendik county’s foundation.
Tuzla had became independent county by decision of Ministers committee in 27 may 1992 which broadcasted in the official gazete with the date of 3 june 1992 and 21247.th. law.
In the streets and avenues and in the gardens of the houses of Tuzla, it is being seen the architectural elements which remained from the Bizans age.In the first historical digging which was done in 1972,the Bizans Age’s church was exposed,in the second digging the Saint Andre Monastery which was built in Ekrembey İsland was exposed.In the fig island there is Hagios Dikara monastery,in the peninsula where is at the North of Tuzla cape there is Hagios Geogios monastery.There are totally 7 church and one mosque as historical art which was built
Tuzla became an independent county by separating from Pendik with the decision of the Council in the sultan I.Ahmet’s time.
Orhanlı village was found approximately 600 years ago and it is also known Aydınlı quarter was also founded in the same years.
THE POPULATION
According to census which was made in 2000,the total population in the Tuzla boundaries is 123.225.As addition to this There is also summer population who come either to summer houses or to resorts.However, also the workers who works in the buildings are getting the population increased in summer time.Furthermore Tuzla has been built up with its centre,quarter and village.Especially in the area where is at the South of the railway and named as Tuzla district ,many number of dwelling cooperatives have been activiting.Some of these cooperative buildings completed and opened providing with housing,some parts of these are still being built.The lands which are vacant like fields and plots are in the same situation.With these that we said and also especially the organized leather industry district to be taken into the boundary of our county,has been bringing together a fast population increasing.
THE GEOGRAPHICAL SITUATION
At the east of Tuzla there is Gebze,at the west Pendik,at the north again Pendik and at the south there is Marmara Sea.
Tuzla has rough soil structure.Tuz bill where is at the South of Tuzla forms a big projecting part.The coast of Tuzla is indented with the bays and capes.
In the Tuzla gulf there are;Mezar cape,Dalyan cape,Tuz cape,Sarp cape,Şemsiye island at the South of Tuz cape,Korsan island,Incir island and Ekrembey (donkey) island.Besides Sakız island cape and Içmeler cape made a clear projecting part.Our county takes part in the Marmara region and at the southwest of Kocaeli peninsula.Here is the last point of the Anatolia side of Istanbul.And it is 32 kilometers distance to Haydarpaşa.
Our county which has 86 acre area surface,has also 13 kilometers coast side in the Marmara Sea.The coasts are in high coast shape especially at the bills and at the places where the hills are near to sea,and in the places where at the insides of the hills they are in low coast shape.
In Tuzla,the mountainous places are densier than the flat places.Quite wide flat places take part in the places where nearer to the sea,the height increase when it is gone towards inside.The flat places,goes down between the hills as plateaues.In the highest places,the height doesnt exceed to 300 meters.Karatepe in Aydınlı district is 190 meters, Kavastepe is 109 meters height from the sea.
THE PLANT COVER
In fact its plant cover would be forest but its plant cover is consisting of thickets and shrubberies instead of forests because of trees are being cut.In the rural places scrubs are seen and in overhere the major trees are seen like;oak,dwarf tree,broom bush,shrub,katırtırnağı,fruit and laurel trees.
THE CLIMATE
In our county especially the Mediterranean climate characteristics are seen.Summers are warm,winters are tepid and rainy.Spring is cool and rainy,autumn is tepid and rainy.The average heat of the year is 14 degrees.It was seen the heat increased until 39 degree in middle of summers and falled down until -22 degrees in middle of winters.The yearly average damp proportion is %72.The yearly precipitation average is 720 milimetre.The precipitations are especially as rain.The yearly numbers of snowy days are 9.In our county it is seen the northeast wind in summer and the southeast wind in the winter.The sea storm is seen in southwest wind.
MAIN NEIGHBOURHOODS
Çayırova
İçmeler
Orhanlı
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